Uma amostra das questões. Crie uma conta para resolver todas com correção e comentário.
UNICENTRO20261a faseQuestao 11InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
One of my favorite scenes in writer/director James Gunn’s energetic but scattershot “Superman” is also one of the simplest. Rachel Brosnahan’s Lois Lane comes home to her apartment and finds David Corenswet’s Clark Kent cooking her “breakfast for dinner” as a surprise to celebrate their three-month anniversary. Clark says that’s her favorite. Lois says no—that’s your favorite. They’re in that awkward and halting but sweet start-up period in a relationship, where one of them is ahead of the other in terms of making a commitment, and they’re still getting to know each Superman other. Oh, and then there’s the fact that Clark is Action Superman, and Clark Kent, the Daily Planet journalist, keeps get130 minutes · PG-13 · 2025 ting exclusive, friendly interviews with Superman, but Clark agrees Richard Roeper to give Lois an on-the-record interview with Superman. The result is July 8, 2025 a clearly written, well-performed conversation that feels like a funny 5 min read romantic comedy with serious undertones, as Lois asks Superman fair but tough questions about the ethics of his decision to end a coming war in a foreign land without the approval of the United States government. Good stuff. There are a number of well-executed, dialogue-driven scenes mixed with the explosive CGI battles, the existential drama and the laugh-out-loud cameos, and writer/director Gunn admirably focuses on showing Superman as the embodiment of the classic American immigrant story—but this first entry in the new DC Universe left me with a cinematic fast-food vibe. You enjoy the flavors well enough, but you’re left feeling as if you’ve consumed a familiar, empty-calorie (relatively) Happy Meal. Despite the sincere and strong performances by Corenswet and Brosnahan, and plenty of colorful turns by the talented supporting cast, the fantastical elements of the Gods and Monsters universe come across as leftovers from Gunn’s “Guardians of the Galaxy” films and the battle sequences feel like fast-edited, unoriginal copies of fight scenes from dozens of other superhero movies. We’re left with a decent but not great take on “Superman” that, at times, will remind you of the 1978 version, but doesn’t quite match it for pure pop entertainment value. As for Corenswet, he makes for a charming Superman, but he can’t quite match the movie star power of Christopher Reeve, nor does he have the unsettling, laser-focused ferocity of Henry Cavill. We’ve had nearly a dozen versions of Superman on screens big and small through the decades—and for that matter, about the same number of Lex Luthors. This latest version makes for enjoyable-enough popcorn entertainment, but ultimately leaves us wondering: was it even necessary?
(Adaptado de ROEPER, Richard. Superman. In RogerEbert.com (ONLINE), 8 jul. 2025.) (Disponível em: <https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/superman-movie-review-2025>. Acesso em: 10 jul.2025.)
De acordo com o texto, assinale a alternativa que descreve corretamente a dinâmica da entrevista entre Lois Lane e Superman.
A)Predomina um tom de rivalidade, no qual cada um tenta sobrepor suas próprias ideias para sair vitorioso da conversa.
B)O tom é de ironia e sarcasmo, com ambos evitando tratar o assunto com a seriedade que ele exige.
C)O diálogo sugere um tom técnico, abordando estratégias e metodologias para a solução de conflitos internacionais.
D)A entrevista assume um tom condescendente, implicando aprovação implícita das decisões de Superman sem questionamento.
E)A entrevista é conduzida em um tom que equilibra leveza afetiva e seriedade nos questionamentos.
UNICENTRO20261a faseQuestao 12InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
One of my favorite scenes in writer/director James Gunn’s energetic but scattershot “Superman” is also one of the simplest. Rachel Brosnahan’s Lois Lane comes home to her apartment and finds David Corenswet’s Clark Kent cooking her “breakfast for dinner” as a surprise to celebrate their three-month anniversary. Clark says that’s her favorite. Lois says no—that’s your favorite. They’re in that awkward and halting but sweet start-up period in a relationship, where one of them is ahead of the other in terms of making a commitment, and they’re still getting to know each Superman other. Oh, and then there’s the fact that Clark is Action Superman, and Clark Kent, the Daily Planet journalist, keeps get130 minutes · PG-13 · 2025 ting exclusive, friendly interviews with Superman, but Clark agrees Richard Roeper to give Lois an on-the-record interview with Superman. The result is July 8, 2025 a clearly written, well-performed conversation that feels like a funny 5 min read romantic comedy with serious undertones, as Lois asks Superman fair but tough questions about the ethics of his decision to end a coming war in a foreign land without the approval of the United States government. Good stuff. There are a number of well-executed, dialogue-driven scenes mixed with the explosive CGI battles, the existential drama and the laugh-out-loud cameos, and writer/director Gunn admirably focuses on showing Superman as the embodiment of the classic American immigrant story—but this first entry in the new DC Universe left me with a cinematic fast-food vibe. You enjoy the flavors well enough, but you’re left feeling as if you’ve consumed a familiar, empty-calorie (relatively) Happy Meal. Despite the sincere and strong performances by Corenswet and Brosnahan, and plenty of colorful turns by the talented supporting cast, the fantastical elements of the Gods and Monsters universe come across as leftovers from Gunn’s “Guardians of the Galaxy” films and the battle sequences feel like fast-edited, unoriginal copies of fight scenes from dozens of other superhero movies. We’re left with a decent but not great take on “Superman” that, at times, will remind you of the 1978 version, but doesn’t quite match it for pure pop entertainment value. As for Corenswet, he makes for a charming Superman, but he can’t quite match the movie star power of Christopher Reeve, nor does he have the unsettling, laser-focused ferocity of Henry Cavill. We’ve had nearly a dozen versions of Superman on screens big and small through the decades—and for that matter, about the same number of Lex Luthors. This latest version makes for enjoyable-enough popcorn entertainment, but ultimately leaves us wondering: was it even necessary?
(Adaptado de ROEPER, Richard. Superman. In RogerEbert.com (ONLINE), 8 jul. 2025.) (Disponível em: <https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/superman-movie-review-2025>. Acesso em: 10 jul.2025.)
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta, corretamente, o posicionamento crítico do autor sobre o filme Superman.
A)Uma produção fiel aos quadrinhos, que agradará principalmente os fãs mais antigos do super-herói.
B)O filme apresenta equilíbrio entre ação, humor e dilemas éticos, superando as expectativas do gênero.
C)A combinação do elenco principal com os efeitos especiais cria uma narrativa que se destaca em relação às produções anteriores.
D)Uma produção competente porém convencional, que não supera as versões anteriores do personagem.
E)O aspecto inovador do filme é a recriação da história de origem do personagem principal, que descarta todas as adaptações prévias.
UNICENTRO20261a faseQuestao 13InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
One of my favorite scenes in writer/director James Gunn’s energetic but scattershot “Superman” is also one of the simplest. Rachel Brosnahan’s Lois Lane comes home to her apartment and finds David Corenswet’s Clark Kent cooking her “breakfast for dinner” as a surprise to celebrate their three-month anniversary. Clark says that’s her favorite. Lois says no—that’s your favorite. They’re in that awkward and halting but sweet start-up period in a relationship, where one of them is ahead of the other in terms of making a commitment, and they’re still getting to know each Superman other. Oh, and then there’s the fact that Clark is Action Superman, and Clark Kent, the Daily Planet journalist, keeps get130 minutes · PG-13 · 2025 ting exclusive, friendly interviews with Superman, but Clark agrees Richard Roeper to give Lois an on-the-record interview with Superman. The result is July 8, 2025 a clearly written, well-performed conversation that feels like a funny 5 min read romantic comedy with serious undertones, as Lois asks Superman fair but tough questions about the ethics of his decision to end a coming war in a foreign land without the approval of the United States government. Good stuff. There are a number of well-executed, dialogue-driven scenes mixed with the explosive CGI battles, the existential drama and the laugh-out-loud cameos, and writer/director Gunn admirably focuses on showing Superman as the embodiment of the classic American immigrant story—but this first entry in the new DC Universe left me with a cinematic fast-food vibe. You enjoy the flavors well enough, but you’re left feeling as if you’ve consumed a familiar, empty-calorie (relatively) Happy Meal. Despite the sincere and strong performances by Corenswet and Brosnahan, and plenty of colorful turns by the talented supporting cast, the fantastical elements of the Gods and Monsters universe come across as leftovers from Gunn’s “Guardians of the Galaxy” films and the battle sequences feel like fast-edited, unoriginal copies of fight scenes from dozens of other superhero movies. We’re left with a decent but not great take on “Superman” that, at times, will remind you of the 1978 version, but doesn’t quite match it for pure pop entertainment value. As for Corenswet, he makes for a charming Superman, but he can’t quite match the movie star power of Christopher Reeve, nor does he have the unsettling, laser-focused ferocity of Henry Cavill. We’ve had nearly a dozen versions of Superman on screens big and small through the decades—and for that matter, about the same number of Lex Luthors. This latest version makes for enjoyable-enough popcorn entertainment, but ultimately leaves us wondering: was it even necessary?
(Adaptado de ROEPER, Richard. Superman. In RogerEbert.com (ONLINE), 8 jul. 2025.) (Disponível em: <https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/superman-movie-review-2025>. Acesso em: 10 jul.2025.)
Críticas cinematográficas frequentemente usam figuras de linguagem para articular avaliações sutis. Sobre o uso da metáfora da “fast-food” neste texto, considere as afirmativas a seguir.
I. A metáfora do “fast-food” serve para destacar a contradição entre qualidade técnica e profundidade narrativa. II. A associação com o “Happy Meal” sugere que, embora o filme seja divertido, ele se caracteriza pela falta de originalidade. III. A metáfora sugere que o filme é saboroso e memorável, deixando uma experiência única no espectador. IV. A expressão “cinematic fast-food vibe” sugere que o filme usa ação e humor para criticar a sociedade norte-americana.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
A)Somente as afirmativas I e II são corretas.
B)Somente as afirmativas I e IV são corretas.
C)Somente as afirmativas III e IV são corretas.
D)Somente as afirmativas I, II e III são corretas.
E)Somente as afirmativas II, III e IV são corretas.
UNICENTRO20261a faseQuestao 14InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões 4 e 5.
(SHEA, Kely. In Circle of Blue (ONLINE) Unprescribed: Drugs in the water cycle. Disponível em: <https://www.circleofblue.org/2011/world/unprescribed-u-s-pharmaceutical-industry-fights-to-avoid-paying-for-drug-disposal-programs>. Acesso em 20 jul 2025.)
Sobre o fluxo de fármacos e seus efeitos, atribua V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) às afirmativas a seguir.
( ) Os fármacos presentes no abastecimento hídrico são reconhecidos pela Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos EUA como uma ameaça potencial. ( ) A legislação atual norte-americana estabelece limites seguros para o descarte de fármacos em redes de esgoto.
( ) Pesquisadores analisam os impactos dos resíduos de fármacos na água sobre a saúde humana e o meio ambiente. ( ) Estudos indicam que a contaminação por fármacos e hormônios ocorre de forma esporádica, sem impacto significativo nas regiões metropolitanas. ( ) A maioria das amostras de rios contém produtos farmacêuticos em concentrações muito pequenas, mas que representam risco potencial para organismos aquáticos.
Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.
A)V, V, V, F, F.
B)V, F, V, V, F.
C)V, F, V, F, V.
D)F, V, V, F, V.
E)F, F, V, V, F.
UNICENTRO20261a faseQuestao 15InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões 4 e 5.
(SHEA, Kely. In Circle of Blue (ONLINE) Unprescribed: Drugs in the water cycle. Disponível em: <https://www.circleofblue.org/2011/world/unprescribed-u-s-pharmaceutical-industry-fights-to-avoid-paying-for-drug-disposal-programs>. Acesso em 20 jul 2025.)
Sobre as principais fontes de contaminação farmacêutica da água, considere as afirmativas a seguir.
I. Aplicação de esterco animal como fertilizante pode introduzir fármacos veterinários no sistema hídrico. II. Estações de tratamento conseguem isolar completamente os fármacos no lodo, impedindo sua dispersão. III. Medicamentos consumidos são totalmente metabolizados pelo organismo humano antes da excreção. IV. Medicamentos descartados incorretamente no lixo ou no vaso sanitário podem parar no abastecimento de água.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
A)Somente as afirmativas I e II são corretas.
B)Somente as afirmativas I e IV são corretas.
C)Somente as afirmativas III e IV são corretas.
D)Somente as afirmativas I, II e III são corretas.
E)Somente as afirmativas II, III e IV são corretas.
UNICENTRO20251a faseQuestao 11InglêsMedia
Leia os quadrinhos a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
(PICH, E.; KUNZ, J. WAR.AND.PEAS. Beyond Time and Space. 23 jun. 2024. Disponível em: <https://www.instagram.com/>. Acesso em: 1 ago. 2024.)
Sobre a história em quadrinhos, considere as afirmativas a seguir.
I. A confusão do peixe é causada por sua incapacidade de relatar as lembranças do mundo exterior ao outro peixe no aquário. II. A conversa sugere que, apesar de sua curiosidade, o peixe está limitado pelo aquário, que o impede de explorar o mundo. III. Há um contraste cômico criado pela situação inesperada, em que um ser confinado reflete sobre um mundo totalmente fora de seu alcance. IV. O efeito de humor do quadrinho se apoia na contradição entre o complexo pensamento filosófico do peixe e o fato de esquecê-lo imediatamente.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
Imagens anexadas
A)Somente as afirmativas I e II são corretas.
B)Somente as afirmativas I e IV são corretas.
C)Somente as afirmativas III e IV são corretas.
D)Somente as afirmativas I, II e III são corretas.
E)Somente as afirmativas II, III e IV são corretas.
UNICENTRO20251a faseQuestao 12InglêsMedia
Leia os quadrinhos a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
(PICH, E.; KUNZ, J. WAR.AND.PEAS. Beyond Time and Space. 23 jun. 2024. Disponível em: <https://www.instagram.com/>. Acesso em: 1 ago. 2024.)
Sobre os elementos linguísticos presentes na história em quadrinhos, atribua V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) às afirmativas a seguir.
( ) No quadro 1, a palavra “fishbowl” é usada tanto no sentido literal como no metafórico, representando tanto o ambiente físico do peixe como as limitações do conhecimento e de perspectiva. ( ) No quadro 1, a palavra “beyond” é um auxiliar necessário para a construção gramatical da pergunta, porém é irrelevante para o sentido da frase. ( ) No quadro 2, a linguagem utilizada é formal e remete a discursos poéticos ou filosóficos decorrentes da escolha de palavras, como, por exemplo, “hidden lands”, “dwell” e “realm”. ( ) No quadro 3, o uso das palavras “secrets” and “wonders”, em referência a “world”, expressa o temor do peixe em se aventurar pelo mundo. ( ) No quadro 4, há uma quebra do tom filosófico reflexivo provocado pela frase final, cuja estrutura é simples e coloquial.
Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.
A)V, V, F, F, F.
B)V, F, V, F, V.
C)V, F, F, V, F.
D)F, V, F, V, V.
E)F, F, V, V, F.
UNICENTRO20251a faseQuestao 13InglêsMedia
Leia os quadrinhos a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
(PICH, E.; KUNZ, J. WAR.AND.PEAS. Beyond Time and Space. 23 jun. 2024. Disponível em: <https://www.instagram.com/>. Acesso em: 1 ago. 2024.)
Sobre o comentário “Is this the modern brain?”, assinale a alternativa correta.
A)O comentário insinua que o peixe é uma representação metafórica da busca incessante do ser humano moderno por conhecimentos irrelevantes.
B)O comentário reflete a ideia de que o peixe está questinando a existência de limites impostos pela realidade, assim como a mente moderna desafia as restrições tradicionais.
C)O comentário reforça a interpretação de que o peixe tem um interesse genuíno em explorar o mundo exterior, representando a curiosidade inerente à mente humana.
D)O comentário sugere que o peixe, ao se esquecer de sua pergunta, está retratando as limitações cognitivas do animal na modernidade.
E)O comentário sugere que a fala do peixe representa a complexidade e a brevidade de pensamento da mente moderna, capaz de reflexões profundas, mas que se dispersam facilmente.
UNICENTRO20251a faseQuestao 14InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões 4 e 5.
The Emily Dickinson Museum’s Annual Tell It Slant Poetry Festival is an event with international reach that celebrates Emily Dickinson’s poetic legacy and the contemporary creativity she and her work continues to inspire from the place she called home. The Festival is named for Dickinson’s poem, “Tell all the truth but tell it slant,” emphasizing the revolutionary power of poetry to shift our perspective and reveal new truths. Festival organizers are
focused on presenting established and emerging poets who represent the diversity of the contemporary poetry landscape and to building community by introducing poetry to public spaces. This year’s program features workshops, panels, and readings, by a diverse and talented group of poets from around the world. The cornerstone of the Festival, the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, is an epic reading of all 1,789 of Emily Dickinson’s poems. To follow along with the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, get your copy of the Franklin edition from the Emily Dickinson Museum Shop. The annual event attracts a diverse audience of Dickinson fans and poetry lovers, including students, educators, aspiring writers, and those who are new to poetry and literary events. Past Festival headliners have included Marilyn Nelson, Abigail Chabitnoy, Tracy K. Smith, Tiana Clark, Tess Taylor, Ada Limón, Jericho Brown, Franny Choi, Aimee Nezhukumatathil, Paisley Rekdal, Adrian Matejka, Kaveh Akbar, and Ocean Vuong. Support The Tell It Slant Poetry Festival: Admission to all Poetry Festival events is free-made possible by contributions from Museum supporters. Please consider making a donation of any size during the registration process or anytime on the Museum’s website. (Adaptado de: Tell It Slant Poetry Festival 2024 Schedule. In: Emily Dickinson Museum (online) – Programs. (sem data). Disponível em: <https://www.emilydickinsonmuseum.org/tell-it-slant-poetry-festival-2024/>. Acesso em: 14 ago. 2024.)
Sobre os elementos linguísticos presentes no texto, assinale a alternativa correta.
A)O uso da palavra “revolutionary” tem a função de acrescentar ênfase ao impacto da poesia, sugerindo que ela tenha um caráter transformador.
B)No trecho “that celebrates Emily Dickinson’s poetic legacy and the contemporary creativity she and her work continues to inspire from the place she called home”, o termo sublinhadoo se refere ao substantivo “poetry”.
C)O ‘s, usado em “Emily Dickinson’s poetic legacy” e “This year’s program”, é a contração do verbo “to be” na 3ª pessoa do singular.
D)Em “Festival organizers are focused on presenting established and emerging poets”, os termos grifados indicam uma ação que se desenvolve no momento presente.
E)Na frase “To follow along with the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon”, a expressão sublinhada pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por “to understand”.
UNICENTRO20251a faseQuestao 15InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões 4 e 5.
The Emily Dickinson Museum’s Annual Tell It Slant Poetry Festival is an event with international reach that celebrates Emily Dickinson’s poetic legacy and the contemporary creativity she and her work continues to inspire from the place she called home. The Festival is named for Dickinson’s poem, “Tell all the truth but tell it slant,” emphasizing the revolutionary power of poetry to shift our perspective and reveal new truths. Festival organizers are
focused on presenting established and emerging poets who represent the diversity of the contemporary poetry landscape and to building community by introducing poetry to public spaces. This year’s program features workshops, panels, and readings, by a diverse and talented group of poets from around the world. The cornerstone of the Festival, the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, is an epic reading of all 1,789 of Emily Dickinson’s poems. To follow along with the Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon, get your copy of the Franklin edition from the Emily Dickinson Museum Shop. The annual event attracts a diverse audience of Dickinson fans and poetry lovers, including students, educators, aspiring writers, and those who are new to poetry and literary events. Past Festival headliners have included Marilyn Nelson, Abigail Chabitnoy, Tracy K. Smith, Tiana Clark, Tess Taylor, Ada Limón, Jericho Brown, Franny Choi, Aimee Nezhukumatathil, Paisley Rekdal, Adrian Matejka, Kaveh Akbar, and Ocean Vuong. Support The Tell It Slant Poetry Festival: Admission to all Poetry Festival events is free-made possible by contributions from Museum supporters. Please consider making a donation of any size during the registration process or anytime on the Museum’s website. (Adaptado de: Tell It Slant Poetry Festival 2024 Schedule. In: Emily Dickinson Museum (online) – Programs. (sem data). Disponível em: <https://www.emilydickinsonmuseum.org/tell-it-slant-poetry-festival-2024/>. Acesso em: 14 ago. 2024.)
Em relação ao evento descrito no texto, considere as afirmativas a seguir.
I. A gratuidade de participação no evento é garantida pelas doações feitas ao museu por patrocinadores. II. O Emily Dickinson Poetry Marathon é considerado o evento principal do Festival, com a leitura de todos os poemas da autora. III. O Festival celebra tanto a herança poética de Emily Dickinson quanto a inspiração que sua obra continua fornecendo. IV. O requisito para participar do evento é a aquisição do livro de poemas de Franklin na loja do Museu.
Assinale a alternativa correta.
A)Somente as afirmativas I e II são corretas.
B)Somente as afirmativas I e IV são corretas.
C)Somente as afirmativas III e IV são corretas.
D)Somente as afirmativas I, II e III são corretas.
E)Somente as afirmativas II, III e IV são corretas.
UNICENTRO20241a faseQuestao 11InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
What does ‘brain dead’ really mean? The battle over how science defines the end of life Ideological differences threaten to muddy the definition of death in the United States – with potentially negative consequences for clinicians and people awaiting organ transplants. • Max Kozlov • Published on 11 July 2023 Dead in California but alive in New Jersey: that was the status of 13-year-old Jahi McMath after physicians in Oakland, California, declared her brain dead in 2013, after complications from a tonsillectomy. Unhappy with the care that their daughter received and unwilling to remove life support, McMath’s family moved with her to New Jersey, where the law allowed them to lodge a religious objection to the declaration of brain death and keep McMath connected to life-support systems for another four and a half years. Prompted by such legal discrepancies and a growing number of lawsuits around the United States, a group of neurologists, physicians, lawyers and bioethicists is attempting to harmonize state laws surrounding the determination of death. They say that imprecise language in existing laws – as well as research done since the laws were passed – threatens to undermine public confidence in how death is defined worldwide. “It doesn’t really make a lot of sense,” says Ariane Lewis, a neurocritical care clinician at NYU Langone Health in New York City. “Death is something that should be a set, finite thing. It shouldn’t be something that’s left up to interpretation.” Since 2021, a committee in the Uniform Law Commission (ULC), a non-profit organization in Chicago, Illinois, that drafts model legislation for states to adopt, has been revising its recommendation for the legal determination of death. The drafting committee hopes to clarify the definition of brain death, determine whether consent is required to test for it, specify how to handle family objections and provide guidance on how to incorporate future changes to medical standards. The broader membership of the ULC will offer feedback on the first draft of the revised law at a meeting on 26 July. After members vote on it, the text could be ready for state legislatures to consider by the middle of next year. (Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02226-z>. Acesso em: 12 set. 2023.)
Leia o fragmento do texto a seguir. They say that imprecise language in existing laws – as well as research done since the laws were passed – threatens to undermine public confidence in how death is defined worldwide. Com base no fragmento do texto, assinale a alternativa que apresenta, corretamente, o sinônimo da palavra “undermine”.
A)countenance
B)enhance
C)improve
D)jeopardize
E)strengthen
UNICENTRO20241a faseQuestao 12InglêsMedia
Leia o texto a seguir e responda às questões de 1 a 3.
What does ‘brain dead’ really mean? The battle over how science defines the end of life Ideological differences threaten to muddy the definition of death in the United States – with potentially negative consequences for clinicians and people awaiting organ transplants. • Max Kozlov • Published on 11 July 2023 Dead in California but alive in New Jersey: that was the status of 13-year-old Jahi McMath after physicians in Oakland, California, declared her brain dead in 2013, after complications from a tonsillectomy. Unhappy with the care that their daughter received and unwilling to remove life support, McMath’s family moved with her to New Jersey, where the law allowed them to lodge a religious objection to the declaration of brain death and keep McMath connected to life-support systems for another four and a half years. Prompted by such legal discrepancies and a growing number of lawsuits around the United States, a group of neurologists, physicians, lawyers and bioethicists is attempting to harmonize state laws surrounding the determination of death. They say that imprecise language in existing laws – as well as research done since the laws were passed – threatens to undermine public confidence in how death is defined worldwide. “It doesn’t really make a lot of sense,” says Ariane Lewis, a neurocritical care clinician at NYU Langone Health in New York City. “Death is something that should be a set, finite thing. It shouldn’t be something that’s left up to interpretation.” Since 2021, a committee in the Uniform Law Commission (ULC), a non-profit organization in Chicago, Illinois, that drafts model legislation for states to adopt, has been revising its recommendation for the legal determination of death. The drafting committee hopes to clarify the definition of brain death, determine whether consent is required to test for it, specify how to handle family objections and provide guidance on how to incorporate future changes to medical standards. The broader membership of the ULC will offer feedback on the first draft of the revised law at a meeting on 26 July. After members vote on it, the text could be ready for state legislatures to consider by the middle of next year. (Disponível em: <https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02226-z>. Acesso em: 12 set. 2023.)
Em relação à discussão sobre morte cerebral, atribua V (verdadeiro) ou F (falso) às afirmativas a seguir.
( ) A discussão sobre o tema não tem avançado, uma vez que só é de interesse de médicos diretamente envolvidos e familiares de pacientes considerados, em alguns estados, como mortos. ( ) Mudanças nas leis estaduais enfrentam, contudo, resistência de grupos religiosos. ( ) Há quem considere que a definição de morte não deveria estar aberta a interpretações. ( ) Legislações estaduais que consideram certos grupos de pessoas mortas não refletem resultados de estudos recentes. ( ) Um comitê estadunidense trabalha na proposição de um texto-base para padronizar, na medida do possível, a redação de leis estaduais sobre o assunto.
Assinale a alternativa que contém, de cima para baixo, a sequência correta.
No Presarium Vestibulares, você resolve essas questões com correção na hora, comentário e um painel que cruza a incidência com o seu desempenho — e monta sua lista de prioridade automaticamente.