Uma amostra das questões. Crie uma conta para resolver todas com correção e comentário.
FAMEMA20251a faseQuestao 34InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasFacilRead the excerpt from the song "Can't Help Falling in Love", recorded by singer Elvis Presley, to answer questions 34 and 35.
Wise men say
Only fools rush in
But I can't help falling in love with you
Shall I stay?
Would it be a sin
If I can't help falling in love with you?
Like a river flows
Surely to the sea
Darling, so it goes
Some things are meant to be
Take my hand,
Take my whole life, too
For I can't help falling in love with you
(Hugo Peretti, Luigi Creatore e George David Weiss. https://azlyrics.com. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the song “Some things are meant to be”, the underlined expression can be replaced, without meaning change, by:
- A)worth waiting for.
- B)destined to happen.
- C)beyond our control.
- D)better left unsaid.
- E)too good to be true.
FAMEMA20241a faseQuestao 33InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasDificilFrance wants to put a lid on the tourist crowds that flood historic landmarks and natural treasures each year, though officials have said it would not be easy. Tourism Minister Olivia Gregoire unveiled a plan to regulate visitor flows at the most popular sites and lay out a strategy against overtourism. She said France, the world’s biggest tourist destination, particularly needed to better manage the peak-season influxes that threatened “the environment, the quality of life for locals, and the experiences for its visitors”. The issue is urgent for prime destinations worldwide as international travel surges after covid-19 lockdowns. Many of the most revered French sites, such as the Mont-Saint-Michel abbey in Normandy, say they are overwhelmed by the number of visitors. On the famed Channel beach of Etretat, which saw a tourism surge thanks to the plot of the Netflix detective series “Lupin”, the 1,200 residents see up to 10,000 tourists a day in the high season. “This massive influx ends up eroding the cliffs and endangers the beach cliffs,” co-head of the Etretat Tomorrow residents’ association Shai Mallet said. She also laments the lack of local economic benefits, with visitors staying just a few hours, maybe grabbing an ice cream but not constantly frequenting restaurants or hotels. The government’s announcement comes as Paris, which is dealing with a housing shortage in part because homeowners prefer short-term rentals to tourists, said last week it expects 37 million tourists this year, just short of the pre-pandemic level of 38.5 million in 2019. Limits are already being set, with officials limiting day visits to the gorgeous Brittany island of Brehat at 4,700 during the peak summer months. (www.euronews.com, 20.06.2023. Adaptado.)
No trecho do primeiro parágrafo “The issue is urgent for prime destinations worldwide as international travel surges after covid-19 lockdowns”, o termo sublinhado é empregado com o mesmo sentido em:
- A)Please turn out the lights, as you are leaving last.
- B)The number of undecided voters begins to drop as the election gets closer.
- C)We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
- D)He has worked as a diplomat in the United States and Saudi Arabia.
- E)The book was banned in Paris, as were two subsequent books.
FAMEMA20231a faseQuestao 35InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasFacilHeatwaves have a huge impact on our physical and mental health. Doctors usually fear them, as emergency rooms quickly fill up with patients suffering from dehydration, delirium and fainting. Recent studies suggest at least a 10% rise in hospital emergency room visits on days when temperatures reach or exceed the top 5% of the normal temperature range for a given location. Soaring temperatures can also make symptoms worse in those with mental health conditions. Heatwaves — as well as other weather events such as floods and fires — have been linked to a rise in depressive symptoms in people with depression, and a rise in anxiety symptoms in those with generalised anxiety disorder — a disorder that makes people feel anxious most of the time. A Boston University study found that those in rooms without air conditioning during a heatwave performed 13% worse than their peers in cognitive tests and had 13% slower reaction time. When people are not thinking clearly due to heat, it is more likely they will become frustrated, and this, in turn, can lead to aggression. There is strong evidence linking extreme heat with a rise in violent crime. Even just a one or two degrees Celsius increase in ambient temperatures can lead to a 3-5% spike in assaults. (Laurence Wainwright e Eileen Neumann. https://theconversation.com, 12.07.2022. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the third paragraph “When people are not thinking clearly due to heat”, a expressão sublinhada pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
- A)in defense of.
- B)so long as.
- C)as if.
- D)on behalf of.
- E)because of.
FAMEMA20211a faseQuestao 33InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasMediaThe idea of comfort food sounds great in theory, but many of society’s favourite feel-good foods lack ideal nutrients. This leaves eaters feeling cranky, not comforted. “Some of the main dietary contributors to low or bad mood are too much sugar and too many starchy and refined carbohydrates,” British nutritional therapist Claudia Smith told Huffington Post. “If you eat too much of these foods, you can end up with blood sugar spikes and crashes, which can lead to symptoms such as low mood, irritability, brain fog, anxiety, fatigue and difficulty concentrating.” Common comfort foods such as cookies or french fries activate reward triggers in our brains, Smith said. They give us something to look forward to or get excited about. Psychologist and well-being consultant Lee Chambers told Huffington Post that comfort foods do provide a hit of pleasureinducing dopamine, but that pleasure is fleeting. “Emotional eating is a cyclical process where low mood leads to eating foods likely to spike your blood sugar, giving us a dose of dopamine, but then it drops at the same time as we start to feel guilty,” Chambers told Huffington Post. “This combination often makes us feel a lack of satisfaction, with feelings of guilt, shame and regret.” Even worse? Comfort foods often lead to overeating. “Over time, high consumption of highly palatable foods may actually lead to a reduced sensitivity of this brain-reward response,” Smith said. “You may find yourself needing to eat more and more to experience the same effect.” (Stephanie Vermillion. www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 30.05.2020. Adaptado.)
No trecho do segundo parágrafo “comfort foods do provide a hit of pleasure-inducing dopamine, but that pleasure is fleeting”, o termo sublinhado equivale, em português, a
- A)real.
- B)fugaz.
- C)instantâneo.
- D)estranho.
- E)intenso.
FAMEMA20211a faseQuestao 34InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasFacilThe idea of comfort food sounds great in theory, but many of society’s favourite feel-good foods lack ideal nutrients. This leaves eaters feeling cranky, not comforted. “Some of the main dietary contributors to low or bad mood are too much sugar and too many starchy and refined carbohydrates,” British nutritional therapist Claudia Smith told Huffington Post. “If you eat too much of these foods, you can end up with blood sugar spikes and crashes, which can lead to symptoms such as low mood, irritability, brain fog, anxiety, fatigue and difficulty concentrating.” Common comfort foods such as cookies or french fries activate reward triggers in our brains, Smith said. They give us something to look forward to or get excited about. Psychologist and well-being consultant Lee Chambers told Huffington Post that comfort foods do provide a hit of pleasureinducing dopamine, but that pleasure is fleeting. “Emotional eating is a cyclical process where low mood leads to eating foods likely to spike your blood sugar, giving us a dose of dopamine, but then it drops at the same time as we start to feel guilty,” Chambers told Huffington Post. “This combination often makes us feel a lack of satisfaction, with feelings of guilt, shame and regret.” Even worse? Comfort foods often lead to overeating. “Over time, high consumption of highly palatable foods may actually lead to a reduced sensitivity of this brain-reward response,” Smith said. “You may find yourself needing to eat more and more to experience the same effect.” (Stephanie Vermillion. www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 30.05.2020. Adaptado.)
No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “This combination often makes us feel a lack of satisfaction”, o termo sublinhado pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por
- A)frequently.
- B)occasionally.
- C)seldom.
- D)hardly.
- E)sometimes.
FAMEMA20201a faseQuestao 34InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasFacilAn increasing body of evidence suggests that the time we spend on our smartphones is interfering with our sleep, self-esteem, relationships, memory, attention spans, creativity, productivity and problem-solving and decision-making skills. But there is another reason for us to rethink our relationships with our devices. By chronically raising levels of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone, our phones may be threatening our health and shortening our lives. If they happened only occasionally, phone-induced cortisol spikes might not matter. But the average American spends four hours a day staring at their smartphone and keeps it within arm’s reach nearly all the time, according to a tracking app called Moment. “Your cortisol levels are elevated when your phone is in sight or nearby, or when you hear it or even think you hear it,” says David Greenfield, professor of clinical psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine and founder of the Center for Internet and Technology Addiction. “It’s a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the body’s natural response is to want to check the phone to make the stress go away.” But while doing so might soothe you for a second, it probably will make things worse in the long run. Any time you check your phone, you’re likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another spike in cortisol and another craving to check your phone to make your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously reinforced, leads to chronically elevated cortisol levels. And chronically elevated cortisol levels have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, metabolic syndrome, Type 2 diabetes, fertility issues, high blood pressure, heart attack, dementia and stroke. (Catherine Price. www.nytimes.com, 24.04.2019. Adaptado.)
No trecho do último parágrafo “while doing so might soothe you for a second”, o termo sublinhado equivale, em português, a
- A)acalmar.
- B)afastar.
- C)impedir.
- D)dominar.
- E)inibir.
FAMEMA20181a faseQuestao 32InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasMediaDrinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death. One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured. Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185 855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death. Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers. Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.” (www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)
The excerpt from the first paragraph “helps you feel full of beans” means that coffee helps to
- A)burn fat.
- B)fortify the DNA.
- C)relieve chronic pain.
- D)improve memory.
- E)increase energy.
FAMEMA20181a faseQuestao 33InglêsVocabulário e expressões idiomáticasMediaDrinking coffee could help you live longer Coffee not only helps you feel full of beans, it might add years to your life as well, two major studies have shown. Scientists in Europe and the US have uncovered the clearest evidence yet that drinking coffee reduces the risk of death. One study of more than half a million people from 10 European countries found that men who downed at least three cups of coffee a day were 18% less likely to die from any cause than non-coffee drinkers. Women drinking the same amount benefited less, but still experienced an 8% reduction in mortality over the period measured. Similar results were reported by American scientists who conducted a separate investigation, recruiting 185 855 participants from different ethnic backgrounds. Irrespective of ethnicity, people who drank two to three cups of coffee daily had an 18% reduced risk of death. Each of the studies, both published in the journal Annals of Internal Medicine, showed no advantage from drinking either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee. Experts believe the antioxidant plant compounds in coffee rather than caffeine are responsible for the life-extending effect. Previous research has suggested that drinking coffee can reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and some cancers. Dr Marc Gunter, from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, who led the European study with colleagues from Imperial College London, said: “We found that higher coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of death from any cause and specifically for circulatory diseases and digestive diseases. Importantly, these results were similar across all of the 10 European countries, with variable coffee drinking habits and customs. Our study also offers important insights into the possible mechanisms for the beneficial health effects of coffee.” (www.huffingtonpost.co.uk, 11.07.2017. Adaptado.)
In the excerpt from the second paragraph “18% less likely to die”, the word in bold can be replaced, without changing the meaning of the sentence, by
- A)favourably.
- B)impossible.
- C)pleasantly.
- D)agreable.
- E)probable.