Uma amostra das questões. Crie uma conta para resolver todas com correção e comentário.
UNESP20191a faseQuestao 23InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
The Atlantic Slave Trade, 1731-1775
(global.oup.com)
Based on the information presented by the map, one can say that, from 1731 to 1775,
Imagens anexadas
A)the majority of enslaved Africans were taken to the British and French Caribbean colonies.
B)enslaved Africans from Senegambia were mainly smuggled to Brazil.
C)a great part of enslaved Africans were forced to work in other African regions.
D)most enslaved Africans from West Central Africa were taken to British colonies in the Caribbean.
E)the northern region of the Americas, colonized by the British, received more enslaved Africans than the south.
UNESP20191a faseQuestao 24InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
Prescriptions for fighting epidemics
Epidemics have plagued humanity since the dawn of settled life. Yet, success in conquering them remains patchy. Experts predict that a global one that could kill more than 300 million people would come round in the next 20 to 40 years. What pathogen would cause it is anybody’s guess. Chances are that it will be a virus that lurks in birds or mammals, or one that that has not yet hatched. The scariest are both highly lethal and spread easily among humans. Thankfully, bugs that excel at the first tend to be weak at the other. But mutations – ordinary business for germs – can change that in a blink. Moreover, when humans get too close to beasts, either wild or packed in farms, an animal disease can become a human one. A front-runner for global pandemics is the seasonal influenza virus, which mutates so much that a vaccine must be custom-made every year. The Spanish flu pandemic of 1918, which killed 50 million to 100 million people, was a potent version of the “swine flu” that emerged in 2009. The H5N1 “avian flu” strain, deadly in 60% of cases, came about in the 1990s when a virus that sickened birds made the jump to a human. Ebola, HIV and Zika took a similar route. (www.economist.com, 08.02.2018. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o primeiro parágrafo,
A)há perspectivas de erradicar as epidemias nos próximos 40 anos.
B)as epidemias assolaram principalmente os povos ancestrais nômades.
C)as mutações que os germes sofrem geralmente atenuam a sua letalidade.
D)doenças presentes em animais e aves podem se transformar em doenças humanas.
E)as aves são as principais transmissoras de patógenos, devido à sua mobilidade.
UNESP20191a faseQuestao 26InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
Prescriptions for fighting epidemics
Epidemics have plagued humanity since the dawn of settled life. Yet, success in conquering them remains patchy. Experts predict that a global one that could kill more than 300 million people would come round in the next 20 to 40 years. What pathogen would cause it is anybody’s guess. Chances are that it will be a virus that lurks in birds or mammals, or one that that has not yet hatched. The scariest are both highly lethal and spread easily among humans. Thankfully, bugs that excel at the first tend to be weak at the other. But mutations – ordinary business for germs – can change that in a blink. Moreover, when humans get too close to beasts, either wild or packed in farms, an animal disease can become a human one. A front-runner for global pandemics is the seasonal influenza virus, which mutates so much that a vaccine must be custom-made every year. The Spanish flu pandemic of 1918, which killed 50 million to 100 million people, was a potent version of the “swine flu” that emerged in 2009. The H5N1 “avian flu” strain, deadly in 60% of cases, came about in the 1990s when a virus that sickened birds made the jump to a human. Ebola, HIV and Zika took a similar route. (www.economist.com, 08.02.2018. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o texto, os especialistas
A)pressupõem que haverá uma pandemia futura, ainda sem patógeno identificado.
B)identificaram o vírus que poderá matar mais de 300 milhões de pessoas.
C)presumem que vacinas sejam capazes de conter epidemias, ainda que sem evidências.
D)acreditam que os vírus mais letais não são transmitidos para os humanos.
E)estão criando patógenos mutantes em laboratórios para produzir vacinas.
UNESP20191a faseQuestao 30InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
Prescriptions for fighting epidemics
Epidemics have plagued humanity since the dawn of settled life. Yet, success in conquering them remains patchy. Experts predict that a global one that could kill more than 300 million people would come round in the next 20 to 40 years. What pathogen would cause it is anybody’s guess. Chances are that it will be a virus that lurks in birds or mammals, or one that that has not yet hatched. The scariest are both highly lethal and spread easily among humans. Thankfully, bugs that excel at the first tend to be weak at the other. But mutations – ordinary business for germs – can change that in a blink. Moreover, when humans get too close to beasts, either wild or packed in farms, an animal disease can become a human one. A front-runner for global pandemics is the seasonal influenza virus, which mutates so much that a vaccine must be custom-made every year. The Spanish flu pandemic of 1918, which killed 50 million to 100 million people, was a potent version of the “swine flu” that emerged in 2009. The H5N1 “avian flu” strain, deadly in 60% of cases, came about in the 1990s when a virus that sickened birds made the jump to a human. Ebola, HIV and Zika took a similar route. (www.economist.com, 08.02.2018. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o segundo parágrafo,
A)o vírus H5N1 é uma mutação do vírus HIV.
B)o vírus influenza possui comportamento sazonal, ou seja, é capaz de se espalhar pelos continentes.
C)a gripe suína de 2009 foi muito mais letal que a gripe espanhola de 1918.
D)os vírus Ebola, HIV e Zika passaram a contaminar os seres humanos.
E)um vírus só é considerado perigoso se sua letalidade superar 60% dos casos de contaminação.
UNESP20181a faseQuestao 21InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
(http://roadapplesalmanac.com. Adaptado.)
According to the cartoon, Shep
Imagens anexadas
A)considers his friend boring.
B)thinks that humans are dumb.
C)believes animals are inarticulate.
D)agrees with what his friend said about animals.
E)feels insulted because he thinks he is a human.
UNESP20181a faseQuestao 24InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
When does the brain work best? The peak times and ages for learning
What’s your ideal time of the day for brain performance? Surprisingly, the answer to this isn’t as simple as being a morning or a night person. New research has shown that certain times of the day are best for completing specific tasks, and listening to your body’s natural clock may help you to accomplish more in 24 hours. Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired. As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s. Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken. (Dana Dovey. www.medicaldaily.com, 08.08.2016. Adaptado.)
According to the first and second paragraphs, the brain performance peaks in late morning because
A)body temperature gets higher at this time of the day.
B)specific tasks stimulate the brain.
C)most people wake up quite early.
D)it’s easier to solve problems in the morning than at midday.
E)human natural rhythm reaches a steady level.
UNESP20181a faseQuestao 25InglêsCompreensão de textoDificil
When does the brain work best? The peak times and ages for learning
What’s your ideal time of the day for brain performance? Surprisingly, the answer to this isn’t as simple as being a morning or a night person. New research has shown that certain times of the day are best for completing specific tasks, and listening to your body’s natural clock may help you to accomplish more in 24 hours. Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired. As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s. Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken. (Dana Dovey. www.medicaldaily.com, 08.08.2016. Adaptado.)
According to the second paragraph, the 2011 study showed that
A)both analytical and novel thinking were better accomplished before midday.
B)most people feel a midday fatigue.
C)alertness quickly decreases after the brain peaks.
D)most of the 428 students felt tired early in the morning.
E)novel thinking was better when the brain was at non-peak times.
UNESP20181a faseQuestao 26InglêsCompreensão de textoDificil
When does the brain work best? The peak times and ages for learning
What’s your ideal time of the day for brain performance? Surprisingly, the answer to this isn’t as simple as being a morning or a night person. New research has shown that certain times of the day are best for completing specific tasks, and listening to your body’s natural clock may help you to accomplish more in 24 hours. Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired. As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s. Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken. (Dana Dovey. www.medicaldaily.com, 08.08.2016. Adaptado.)
De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, o estudo de 2015
A)confirma que o vocabulário das pessoas se desenvolve até cerca dos 60 anos de idade.
B)infere que o processo de elaboração da inteligência emocional dura a vida toda.
C)contradiz a ideia de que a inteligência fluida atinge o ápice por volta dos 20 anos de idade.
D)mostra que a velocidade de processamento de informações no cérebro atinge o máximo dos 25 aos 35 anos.
E)demonstra que vários tipos de inteligência se desenvolvem aos 30 anos de idade.
UNESP20181a faseQuestao 28InglêsCompreensão de textoDificil
When does the brain work best? The peak times and ages for learning
What’s your ideal time of the day for brain performance? Surprisingly, the answer to this isn’t as simple as being a morning or a night person. New research has shown that certain times of the day are best for completing specific tasks, and listening to your body’s natural clock may help you to accomplish more in 24 hours. Science suggests that the best time for our natural peak productivity is late morning. Our body temperatures start to rise just before we wake up in the morning and continue to increase through midday, Steve Kay, a professor of molecular and computational biology at the University of Southern California told The Wall Street Journal. This gradual increase in body temperature means that our working memory, alertness, and concentration also gradually improve, peaking at about mid morning. Our alertness tends to dip after this point, but one study suggested that midday fatigue may actually boost our creative abilities. For a 2011 study, 428 students were asked to solve a series of two types of problems, requiring either analytical or novel thinking. Results showed that their performance on the second type was best at non-peak times of day when they were tired. As for the age where our brains are at peak condition, science has long held that fluid intelligence, or the ability to think quickly and recall information, peaks at around age 20. However, a 2015 study revealed that peak brain age is far more complicated than previously believed and concluded that there are about 30 subsets of intelligence, all of which peak at different ages for different people. For example, the study found that raw speed in processing information appears to peak around age 18 or 19, then immediately starts to decline, but short-term memory continues to improve until around age 25, and then begins to drop around age 35, Medical Xpress reported. The ability to evaluate other people’s emotional states peaked much later, in the 40s or 50s. In addition, the study suggested that out our vocabulary may peak as late as our 60s’s or 70’s. Still, while working according to your body’s natural clock may sound helpful, it’s important to remember that these times may differ from person to person. On average, people can be divided into two distinct groups: morning people tend to wake up and go to sleep earlier and to be most productive early in the day. Evening people tend to wake up later, start more slowly and peak in the evening. If being a morning or evening person has been working for you the majority of your life, it may be best to not fix what’s not broken. (Dana Dovey. www.medicaldaily.com, 08.08.2016. Adaptado.)
As informações apresentadas no quarto parágrafo
A)indicam que o grupo das pessoas que acordam cedo tem melhor desempenho no trabalho.
B)alertam que as pessoas com hábitos noturnos podem ter dificuldades de adaptação às atividades criativas.
C)afirmam que quem acorda tarde, geralmente, tem raciocínio lento.
D)relativizam o estudo que afirma que o final da manhã é o melhor período para a atividade cerebral.
E)revelam que, mesmo considerando as diferenças individuais, há dois tipos de raciocínio analítico.
UNESP20171a faseQuestao 21InglêsCompreensão de textoFacil
Examine a tirinha (cartum) para responder às questões de 21 a 23.
According to the cartoon, Lola
Imagens anexadas
A)has already slept for seven hours.
B)will sleep until 7 am.
C)is planning to go to bed at midnight.
D)used to sleep for nine hours.
E)went to sleep at 10 pm.
UNESP20171a faseQuestao 22InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
Examine a tirinha (cartum) para responder às questões de 21 a 23.
Lola thinks that
Imagens anexadas
A)she is a genius.
B)it is wise to go to bed no later than midnight.
C)the less she sleeps, the more intelligent she’ll become.
D)she’ll please her mother if she gets better grades.
E)her mom wants her to sleep for at least nine hours.
UNESP20171a faseQuestao 24InglêsCompreensão de textoMedia
Question: Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?
Karen Weintraub June 17, 2016
Many people think they can teach themselves to need less sleep, but they’re wrong, said Dr. Sigrid Veasey, a professor at the Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine. We might feel that we’re getting by fine on less sleep, but we’re deluding ourselves, Dr. Veasey said, largely because lack of sleep skews our self-awareness. “The more you deprive yourself of sleep over long periods of time, the less accurate you are of judging your own sleep perception,” she said. Multiple studies have shown that people don’t functionally adapt to less sleep than their bodies need. There is a range of normal sleep times, with most healthy adults naturally needing seven to nine hours of sleep per night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Those over 65 need about seven to eight hours, on average, while teenagers need eight to 10 hours, and school-age children nine to 11 hours. People’s performance continues to be poor while they are sleep deprived, Dr. Veasey said. Health issues like pain, sleep apnea or autoimmune disease can increase people’s need for sleep, said Andrea Meredith, a neuroscientist at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. A misalignment of the clock that governs our sleep-wake cycle can also drive up the need for sleep, Dr. Meredith said. The brain’s clock can get misaligned by being stimulated at the wrong time of day, she said, such as from caffeine in the afternoon or evening, digital screen use too close to bedtime, or even exercise at a time of day when the body wants to be winding down. (http://well.blogs.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
No primeiro parágrafo, a resposta da Dra. Sigrid Veasey à questão “Is there anything I can do to train my body to need less sleep?” indica que
A)é incorreto pensar que seja possível aprender a dormir menos que o necessário.
B)leva um longo tempo para o corpo se acostumar com menos horas de sono.
C)a maioria das pessoas não percebe a sua real necessidade de descanso.
D)é ilusório pensar que dormir em demasia melhora o rendimento quando se está acordado.
E)algumas pessoas conseguem dormir cada vez menos sem prejuízo à saúde.
No Presarium Vestibulares, você resolve essas questões com correção na hora, comentário e um painel que cruza a incidência com o seu desempenho — e monta sua lista de prioridade automaticamente.